When, at the invitation of Faiz Mohammed Khan, the Nawab of Jhajjar (Punjab), he was leaving Delhi for Jhajjar, Bahadur Shah Zafar, expressing his deep sorrow and grief, gave him a Doshaala (an embroidered shawl/ a double folded shawl) and, with tearful eyes, saw him off.  He also said, “Since you are ready to leave, I have no choice but approve of your departure. But, Allah knows well that it is extremely difficult for me to utter the word ‘Good-bye’.”  (Yad Gaar-e- Ghalib, Delhi)

After his stay at Jhajjar, he was employed at Alwar, Tonk and Rampur. Then, he went to Lucknow and became the Sadrus Sudoor and Mohtamim-i-Huzoor-i- Tehsil (official in charge of a tehsil). He was also a sar-rishtadar (magistrate) in Delhi also. He held a post at Saharanpur too. He wrote some very important books. He also produced disciples who later on became well known scholars of their age.

There was a fast friendship among Mufti Sadruddin Azurda Dehlawi, Allama Fazle Haq Khairabadi and Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib. It was Allama’s advice and selection that helped Ghalib arrange his ‘Diwan-i-Ghalib’. According to Mohammad Husain Azad, this is the very version which the readers hold dear these days. (Aab-i- Hayat, Delhi)  The houses of Allama Fazle Haq Khairabadi and Mufti Sadruddin Azurda were the meeting-places of the Ulma, poets and literary figures.

When the revolt broke out in 1857, he came from Alwar to Delhi several times and met Bahadur Shah Zafar. This continued since May. Then, when  General Bakht Khan, along with his fourteen thousand soldiers, came from Bareilly to Delhi, according to Munshi Zakaullah of Delhi Allama delivered an speech in front of the Ulma in the Jama Masjid after Friday Prayer. He put forth an Istifta (query seeking legal advice on a point of religious importance) before the Ulma. The Fatwa (legal advice / opinion) was signed by Mufti Sadruddin Azurda, Maulvi Abdul Qadir, Qazi Faizullah Dehlawi, Maulana Faiz Ahmad Badauni, Dr. Maulvi Wazir Khan Akbarabadi, Syed Mubarak Shah Rampuri. As soon as this fatwa was published, disturbance and tumult intensified through the country. Some ninety thousand soldiers gathered in Delhi. ( Zak’ullah, Taarikh-i-urooj-i-Englishia, Delhi) When the English regained their control over Delhi, Allama Fazle Haq left Delhi and went to Awadh.  A case was filed against him in 1859. He was tried in a court for rebellion and was sentenced to imprisonment in Kaala Paani (Andaman Nicobar). He himself defended his case and declared in the court that it was he who issued the fatwa of Jihad and stuck to his stand. Maulana Abdul Haq (1244/1828-1316/1898) the son of Allama Fazle Haq, was the Principal of Madrasa Alia in Calcutta. W. W. Hunter writes about him: “He (Abdul Haq) is the son of the rebel Alim whom the government had sentenced to imprisonment in the Kaala Paani (Andaman Nicobar) and whose library was confiscated and brought to Calcutta. (W. W. Hunter, Hamare Hindustani Musalman, [Urdu] p. 203, Delhi)

Maulana Abdul Shahid Shervani of Aligarh, the biographer of Allama and translator of his famous book ‘Al-Sauratul Hindia’ (the Indian Mutiny) writes, “Maulana Abdul Haq Khairabadi had made his last will that he should be informed in his grave when the English would leave the country. Therefore, Syed Najmul Hasan Khairabadi, along with a big crowd, visited the grave in the Dargaah-i-Makhdoomia, at Khairabad in Sitapur and read Fatiha after Milaad Shareef. (muqaddimah (Introduction to) Zubdatul Hikmah, p. 12, Aligarh, 1949) Allama Fazle Haq passed away in Andaman Nicobar (Kaala Paani) in 1861 and was buried over there.

The history of downfall of Indian Muslims goes to one and half century back. It was the uprising of 1857 that made the community first victim in front of the rulers of the country. It caused a devastating havoc on the Muslim population. The community was bluntly targeted on every front and it did pay a heavy price and still it is paying after sixty years of independence. But the most disgusting thing is that till now the Muslims could not know what the basic reasons behind their plight and backwardness are. Instead of doing something precious to get back their lost pride they have been still doing the same irrational things which they are doing for the last hundred and fifty years. They don’t want to look inside their own self and know what the main causes of their utterly frustrating position are. They still spend most of their precious time in trivial things like asking favor from the government and the ruling class which they never want to give. They want to get back their precious and prosperous past but they could never succeed.

Before the independence the Indian National congress came to the scene in order to unite the disgruntled group in 1885. But most of the leaders of this new party were Hindus. And they were mostly confined only to the welfare of their own community. It can’t be said that they did it with their pre planned conviction and notion but it was a chance that in every walk of life Hindus tactfully treaded well much ahead with their Muslim brethren. The Indian National congress had started their journey to make the Indian proud and gain their lost treasure of wealth of independence but it is also a hard fact that consciously or unconsciously only Hindus headed this party with their own vested interest. It was this reason that a section of the Muslim community felt deeply disgruntled and they raised their voice for a separate political identity which could give them freedom to air their grievances. So they laid the foundation stone of a new political party Muslim League on 31 December 1906 in Dhaka. After 1857 Hindus were more concerned for their political rights and for their say in the running of the country but for the Muslims besides these two things they were also struggling to get back their lost pride. Unfortunately these two political parties could not come on a common platform which later led them to the partition of their motherland.

In June 1938 a common meeting was organized between the two leading parties’ Muslim league and the congress to end the differences and to bring the two warring communities on a common platform? In that meeting the founder of a new nation Pakistan Mohammad Ali Jinnah had put forward some demand before the distinguished group of the leaders. Some are as follows:

(1)There would be no compulsion for the Muslims to sing the Vanda Matram.2. There would be no ban on slaughtering of the cows by the Muslim community 3. There would be no interference in the religious rights of the Muslims especially there would be no hue and cry for reciting the prayer call Azan by the Muslims. (4) on constitutional level there would be a guarantee to safeguard the Muslim personal law and the Muslim culture.(5) on the key posts in the govt. the Muslim would be given a fair share.(6) there would be guarantee on constitutional level for use of Urdu language in the country.

What we have seen that Muslim league could get these demands fulfilled only when they got their own country but in the modern India these things are still a distant dream. The basic reason for this failure was that there was no any lasting formula on which the foundation of success for Muslim umma could be laid. And that lasting formula was the overall education of the Muslim community in this country which unfortunately still could not be achieved.

In Pakistan the situation is also not much good. There we see a total lack of awareness regarding over all education of the masses. And that thing pushed the country unfortunately in the era of anarchy and bad governance. Today Pakistan is reeling under the weight of terrorism and economic backwardness. There democracy still could not be strengthened and here and there we see the rope of the nation in the hand of army. The whole world sees this country with suspicion and disregard. On the other hand the situation is much good in India. But what Muslims could get a matter of great concern. Muslims leader were very pathetically seen walking with their demands stalked in their pockets to which nobody were going to pay heed. If the Muslims could know what are the basic reason behind their plight surely they would come out from this mess and wretchedness.

Main causes of our downfall:

What need of the hour is to get change our mindset and see what could be done to remedy these deficiencies. If we could not find a solution and think over what could be done rightly it would lead us nowhere. Before 1857 Muslims were the ruler of this country. Urdu and Persian were the language of both state and communication. In the name of education the Islamic teachings were in centre stage. It was not a prerogative to get the top govt. job one has to be also versed in modern education. But the things started taking change after the first mutiny and English got the position of ruling class. Things started taking change drastically. Now only modern education could give the opportunity to go to the top in the govt. So many new colleges and schools suddenly came up on the surface.

What should be done at this juncture the Muslims should also know it beter. They should get the nerves of the changing situation. Instead of doing that they only retorted to complain about their predicament and backwardness which bore little fruit. They started opposing the use of English language which made them much backward in this fast changing society. This debacle not only led them toward penury and hardship but socially and politically they lagged far behind from their Hindu brethrens. They excelled in every walk of life and now the whole world looks towards them respectfully and enviously.

On the plight of Indian Muslims after 1857 the Times London has rightly commented in these words:

“If Muslims would want to get enroll in the school and colleges of the country they would have every chance to get enrolled. And like their Hindu brethrens they can also excel in competitive exams and could get the top govt. jobs. If they are far behind from their goal it is only their chosen fault and inefficiency. It would be a no wise step to blame others for their backwardness. (Indian Muslims on top position in Indian politics.)

In the British period it was necessary to know the English to get the govt. job. And unfortunately Muslims were far behind in getting that skill. You can assess that situation with only one example. In 1871-72 in Bombay presidency in their different colleges and institutions the ratio of Hindu and Muslim students was as follows:

Hindu              Muslim                        Division

339                   21                               central

49                    –                                  North east

149                  13                                north

160                  11                               south

39                    32                                sindh

73                    77                                Total

The situation was much worse and it had shaken the top thinking mind of the Muslim community like sir sayed Ahmad khan. In one of his address in Patna on 26 May 1875 he had said to distinguished gatherings in these thought provoking words:

“Now you put a glance on the whole country and see especially the educational institutions. You take into account the govt. departments and factories and railway. You look towards the business establishments either big or small. You would hardly find Muslims head to count. I would say that our ratio is not more than one in a thousand.”(Series of lectures of sir sayed, Urdu, page 86)

On the plight of Indian Muslims the govt. had issued a detailed report in which it was said:

“In the past what was the main hurdle in development of the Muslim masses was that Muslims were not capable to make the use of maximum benefits from the educational institutions set up by the govt. or they were knowingly not ready to reap the benefit.”

In the History the cause of our downfall has been defined in different ways and style. But what the biggest tragedy is that Muslims are even not ready to ponder over those details. They only retort to raise their voice to the govt. like they did in the past. The hard fact is Muslims contribution is not less than Hindus in making the country proud in over all progress. But nobody is ready to recognize this hard fact.

The Muslim leadership to conceal their weaknesses they put blame on the govt. and the govt. also did not loss any chance to use the community for their petty vote.

The British administrator Menstruate Elphinston had issued a report in 1935 on the backwardness and plight of Indian Muslims and urged the govt. to give the Muslims reservation so they could reap the benefit. Likewise late Indira Gandhi had also constituted a panel and that panel had put its report on 14^th June 1983. Govt. had also tried to implement the recommendation made by Gopal singh but nothing could come out concretely. And in the time of Manmohan Singh Sachar committee repot has come out in which it is clearly identified in which areas Muslims are lacking in respect of their other counterparts. When this repot was out for sometime there was heat emanating from our political leaders but when some time got passed their enthusiasm died down. Even the media which was quite active in those days to raise this issue leaved it somewhere in lurch.

What is the need of hour is to know the real cause of backwardness and also seriously should try to come out from this mess if this community wants to raise its head high in 21 century.

What was the outcome of basic demands?

In the north part of America there is a city perched named Boston. There are two world fame educational institutions, Harvard University and MIT. Here teachers and students always seem eager to get a new height. After Independence when the western countries offered her help to Indian then Prime Minister Pundit Jawahar Lal Nehru quickly jumped on the idea and requested them to open at least six educational institutions like theirs. Gradually these intuitions came on surface and very successfully they evolved an educational environment of higher standards. Now these intuitions are so high in demand that lacks of students are trying their luck to get admission into it. Last year about one lace seventy eight thousand students had applied for seeking the admission but only three thousand were lucky to get that benefit. Now because of these institutions Bangalore city is known as Silicon Valley of world. Now an estimated one lace professional is working in different organizations in the city. Now the India is earning good seven billion dollars with the export of computer software. Now it is said that in 2008 that export would get increased by worth of eight billion dollars.

Now this foresight of Nehru has made the country really proud in front of the whole world.

What we have learnt from our downfall?

In western countries their ninety to ninety nine percent people are literate because they knew it well that until they excel in education they can’t go high in this most competitive world. In the field of education England ruled for centuries. But now they have somehow realized that their enthusiasm in education has diminished and it is making them lagging in the world. They again with every force are determined to get back their lost position. This feeling was so strong that when Tony Blair came on helm of the affair of the country he announced with full force that his first priority would be education only education.

We can cite another example of Japan who after Second World War rose to a new height from its rag to riches. Once this county was raged to the ground by nuclear attack by America but very soon they forgot their past and headed towards a new goal which very successfully they have achieved. What Japanese had done instead of grudging their contempt against American barbarism they made their friendship strong with the same country realizing the hard fact of the time. They gave the name to this policy reverse course. Now we can see how Japan has moved from rag to a new height and how he consolidated his position in the world. This country though lack in natural resources but that deficiencies never came in their way of development and progress.Now in the end to summaries this debate again I put my view with total conviction and firmness that until we excel in education nobody would come to change our plight and predicament.

 Mr.Azmi: You want to know why this protest? Then listen carefully, peace and harmony is the primary need for the survival of mankind and to achieve it we should follow a moderate path. In this world there is diversity, so it is obligatory for all of us to follow the path of moderation in order to evade conflict and agitation. So for the sake of peace and harmony we should discharge the rights of others and show respect towards other religions, cultures and sects as well.

Its negation will lead to violence and bloodshed and all the creatures will have to bear its consequences. Sometimes pointless aggression and prejudices becomes so intense that it tarnishes the sanctity of a community instead of preserving it. However Islam has clearly stated about this attitude and Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w) has preached the same while citing his life as an example. Even at the time of battling against violence and prejudices our Endeavour should be establishment of peace.

Khushtar Noorani: You mean to say that protest should be done peacefully, without any aggression or extremity?

Mr.Azmi: Yes, of course! Islam has guided us for peaceful way of protesting because protest proves itself mightier than mere bloodshed in getting rid of violence and brutality.

Peaceful remonstration wins sympathy and support from the masses irrespective of their religion which has a deep impact on those violent individuals.

Sajjad Saheb: I agree with Mr. Azmi but would like to add that we protest only when we are being ignited by them, for the sole interest of showing the world the negative and unconstructive aspect of our protest. To achieve their goal they verbally emulate the media, take the recent issue of cartoon where they defended their vested interests by calling it ‘freedom of opinion’, here we should have taken the initiative to make it clear whether it was really a freedom of opinion or deprivation of rights? Even the international laws have curbed this freedom when it is exploited to propagate hatred by dishonoring religions and humanity. We should have taken the plunge to punish those people by protesting and demonstrating the truth. It is liable for all of us to punish the guilty, so instead of doing this righteous deed if we become violent it will show them the way.

Javed Saheb: Sajjad Saheb, throwing cordon of law is an administrative job, the point here is that if the beliefs and sentiments of public are targeted it is likely that they get excited and begin protesting in their own way by raising slogans, setting flags and banners on fire and encircling embassies etc. we media persons gratify our anguish by inscribing our heart out but common public don’t have any other way.

Sajjad Saheb: Yep! But, agitation should be executed according to pre planned policy and under leadership then only it will show its proper result.

Ahmad Javed: what kind of leadership are you talking about? Is it the one public favours? Is there any leadership among Muslims?

Sajjad Saheb: Undoubtedly there is a lack of leadership among Muslims; it is a duty of responsible citizens to sit together and draw a conclusion for requisite leadership for Muslims. Many issues like pan Islamism, integrity of Islam and universal Islam deserves a sensible thought.

Ahmad Javed: Who will sit together, the Muslim countries or common public? Or the scholars will take the seat?

Sajjad Saheb: Let it be a joint effort.

Khushtar Noorani: You guys are talking of peaceful agitation however we witness that it falls flat on them, let’s take the example of Dutch newspaper “……………” which published the cartoon of Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w) on 30^th Dec, 2005, the Dutch Muslims peacefully protested against it, On 20^th Oct all the diplomats of Muslim countries wished to meet the Prime Minister to request him to take action against the concerned newspaper but he called it off by uttering that it is a matter of freedom of press and the government can’t help it, but they came to their senses only when it turned massive.

Ahmad Javed: You are right; Dutch PM was not ready to have words with those Muslim diplomats at that point of time but when they faced boycotts of their products and attacks on embassies then he apologized the Muslims. According to the constitution of Denmark under section 266B penal code if someone hurl abuses on the grounds of colour, caste, creed or gender on a high scale then he is sentenced to 2 years of imprisonment with penalty.

And under section 140 penal code if someone ridicules the teachings of a religion then he is slapped with 4 months of imprisonment with fine. Being the PM of that country he should at least consider the court for it as punishment is granted over there for raising finger on Christians and Jews.

Sajjad Saheb: I would like to admit that our leadership is so feeble on both political and thinking grounds that we fail to influence others; we have seen how Denmark came under pressure after the boycott of its products, in the same manner if all the Muslim leaders across the world draw conclusion collectively then only we will overpower other forces.

Leadership is the biggest hindrance in its way.

Javed Saheb: The major problem of Muslims is their ruling party and leadership. It would be better in the long run if they stay away from such problems.

Khushtar Noorani: I would like to ask Mr. Azmi about the execution of peaceful protest?

Mr.Azmi: Only peaceful agitation gets accepted as it is done to establish peace, same or violent reaction only makes the matter worse, actually the sole aim of agitation is to force the ruling party to bring down the guilty and grant them with deserving punishments, if government show active gestures then think that it has won the battle, take the example of cartoon issue, the protest of Muslims was peaceful. We should further put forward the demand that if they fail to punish those criminals whose crime was worth punishing even according to their own laws then we would end all the associations with them. To put an end means that we would compel our respective governments to do so because here dignity has been violated. Boycott of the products of those countries is also a part of protest to get them punished. If they agree to do so then everything will be back to normal and the relation will also be revived. After granting the criminals with deserved punishment the government should also assure us that it is their setback too.

Sajjad Saheb: I would like to say that…….

Mr.Azmi: Let I finish first, protest is our right and stability comes with it but as I have mentioned before that it should be done sensibly. Maulana Sajjad has raised a good point that we should also understand the conspiracy of our foes. Here I would like to add that if the issue of insult of prophet hood comes up then the honour of Islam will regard death sentence mandatory for them.       

Javed Saheb: But…………..?

Mr.Azmi: Just wait a minute; if someone looks upon the punishment as violent then I would suggest him to look at the flexibility of Islamic Laws. Every country has its own rules and regulations, In India a traitor gets death sentence if he conspires against his own country. Similarly, Islamic Law orders death sentence if someone is found guilty of dishonouring Prophets and it is known to all. Even if someone dares, then Islam should be given the right to ask globally to give the deserved punishment.

Javed Saheb: Should the enforcement of Islamic laws be confined to Muftis or scholars or is it imparted to common man?

Azmi Saheb: leave the qazi, we should only demand punishment of offenders whether on Islamic grounds or according to the laws of that particular country or at least hand it over to us. It is against Islam to set him free saying that he is apologetic and remorseful.

Sajjad Alam: Mr. Javed! You said that who will enforce these Islamic laws? In my view, all those Muslim countries which establish its transaction with them should make them aware of their own laws. And assure them that we will only have association with you as far as you abide by our laws.

Zeeshan Ahmad: I would like to rewind the discussion by drawing your attention to the insult of prophet hood done by Salman Rushdie. It was globally protested. It made Salman Rushdie what he is; he got the undeserved prestige and honour. Similarly America attacked Afghanistan and then Iraq, protests were done but to no avail. Same thing happened regarding the cartoon issue, protests were launched only to discover other newspapers doing the same and last but not the least protests are being done against the arrival of Bush in Delhi, but the thing is what the use of launching these protests is? They don’t seem beneficial.

Mr.Azmi: The outcome of such protests are highlighted in long run, it has a profound impact on future and posterity. Achievement of common opinion is a success in itself. Don’t go far-off; here in our country a representative of BJP went on to say that the printing of cartoon to dishonour Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w) is sheer madness and offensiveness. But declaring reward of 51 crores is absolutely politics (Haji Yaqoob Quraishi, a minister in U.P administration declared it in a demonstration).

Javed Saheb: yep! Politics should not be mingled with protest; nowadays people use it as an instrument to excel in leadership as well as politics. Media creates a lot of hype. There is a need to control such politics.

Mr.Azmi: You can’t ignore politics, there is politics in Islam also but it is a pity that we are not acquainted with Islamic politics. Secondly, why did media only hype the declaration of 51 crores as a reward? Even Bush did so with Osama Bin Laden and Saddam Hussein but media paid no heed to it nor pronounced is as violation of democracy.

Khushtar Noorani: The kind of protest and demonstration that is prevailing nowadays is right in its application or do we call it violence?

Sajjad Saheb: some cases of violence came to the light during recent protests. But in most cases people portray their rage through banner, slogan etc.

Mr.Azmi: universally Muslims demonstrated peace everywhere. Iran radio told me that if the fatwa of execution of Salman Rushdie would not have been issued by Khomeini, then these kinds of incident have not taken place. I would rather say if the fatwa issued by Khomeini was carried on, then these kinds of incident would never appear to scene because life of a man can be claimed for protection of principles but it can’t happen vice versa.

 Ahmad Javed: They talk of democracy, I would say, where all 125 crores Muslims across the globe are agreed with each other for protection of honour and dignity of Prophet Mohammad (s.aw), which democracy can be bigger than this?

Sajjad Saheb: look, as far as western thinking and viewpoint is concerned, they mould it according to their own interests. They are aware of the fact that the principles and perspective of Islam is challenging theirs, that is why they are trying to mar his image as they know he and his deeds are an icon for us. They even tried to charge him with terrorism and violation of human rights as the cartoon suggests. It is the goodwill of prophets’ companion that they preserved his saying for us. Even today we are able to present him as an iconoclast which is indigestible for the Westerners.

Khushtar Noorani: Now we come to end of this appealing discussion. We would like to thank all the participants for spending their valuable time with us. Hope, the readers of ‘Jaam-e-Noor’ would like this edition.

 They should come close to them, make them feel at ease and should try to help them in gaining their lost confidence. But what human history shows that at very few occasions such measures could be put into practice effectively. The stronger become strongest and they grabbed every opportunity what their hands could lay on. They never thought about their less fortunate brothers that they should also have every right to live respectfully and dignifiedly. Due to this unnatural division many new groups, factions, and class came into existence.

There is a one group who has every control over every available resources of the world. They use it as they wish. There’s a life which is full of lavishness and elegance. And on the other hand there is deprivation and degradation. The destitute that is less fortunate and devoid of a dignified living. They are constantly fighting to save their existence. It is said that it was the thing of past but the present is also not very much shining and encouraging. To this day we see the same things as we had seen many centuries ago in the age of ignorance. The strong still enjoy the power of the state and they mercilessly use it as they wish. They are effluent; they are educated, they say themselves cultured and civilized. They have their full control over the learning centers.  They use the wealth as they want. And on the other hand poor are still poor and less fortunate are still very much deprived of their basic needs. They even can’t dream for a dignified living. Even if they are alive they are at the mercy of the stronger. Their only existence is to serve them and make them feel that they are the real masters of their fate. The gap between them grew so strong and wide with the each passing day that they took it as their fate and a law of nature. The strong took their prosperity as their birth right and the deprived took it as their fate which God has fixed for them. Due to this unethical and unnatural division we have seen many times discontent and fight brewed between them. The deprived raised their voice but they were scarcely heard. Nothing could come out conclusively and effectively. It was some centuries back when the human race became aware of their true existence. For what purpose God has sent them on the earth. Which type of obligations they carry on their shoulders? This massage came to their realization. They somehow became aware of about their culture and civilization. They could know about the human rights. Since that realization they are constantly fighting to save it and preserve it for their future generation which might face the same fate if this could not be saved. And very soon this movement gained a farm ground and it arose as a mass revolution. And its centre was the Great Britain, France and United States of America.

 According to this very declaration of human rights which the west had devised keeping their own distinct plan and motive in mind they started comparing it with the eternal human rights declaration of Islam which was revealed by God through his beloved prophet Mohammad(pbuh) in the seventh century Arabia. It was a great gift which the almighty had bestowed on the human race centuries back when it needed most to the society and the world. The concept of that respectful living for the mankind never got changed with the passing time nor did it ever lose its relevance to the world today. What the great prophet of Islam Mohammad (pbuh) had shown the path to the human race became a symbol of human rights for every race and every epoch. This was the miracle which had first shown their immense power in uniting the different deadly warring tribes and groups of Arabia who were at every time in constant fight with each other. They soon become the fast and trusted brothers. It was the power of that eternal massage that it took the whole world into its charm and elegance. It startled every one. On that very foundation of love and respect for each other they could build a great and powerful empire of Muslim umma which was spread on the vast land about twelve lacs squire miles. To this day that teaching of Islam is very much relevant and needed to make our human race prosper. No doubt if these teachings could be implemented with great sincerity the human race would see a great chance to prosper. The deprived then would be educated, cultured and economically strong and stable. That would bring a lasting peace for which the whole world today is crying for. But what we see at the other side of the things the very effort which was put by the western countries they could not get the desired results.

 A constant struggles and efforts to implement the human rights in true sprit of its nature:

 1. It is said that the world came to know about human rights through the Magna carat’s view of human rights. This declaration was approved in the time of king John of Britain on 15^th June in 1215 A.D. This was in reality an appeal to the king by some certain deprived groups to look into their problem. Nothing was much important than it.

 2. Then the more efforts in this regard came to be seen in Europe and America and King Concord second did fix the responsibilities of the parliament through a declaration.

 3. In 1766 the great philosopher Rousseau wrote the accord of Human rights. He is considered the father of the French revolution. On that basis came the Declaration of Rights of man on surface in France.

 4. In 1766 in the state of Virginia a declaration was accepted written by George Mason.

 5. To implement the human rights declaration a constant effort was going on. We can see that from 1898 to 1908 there were ten international conferences were held which is very much known is the Berlin conference, the Brussels conference, and the Hague conference.

 6. We see that a new turning point came when the American President Roosevelt and the British Prime Minister Churchill met and brought out a broad view of Human rights. They emphasized that there is a need of broad concept regarding preparing the declaration of Human rights. And it was named as Atlantic charters.

 7. In Moscow, an international conference was held in which for safe guarding the human rights a blue print was designed. It is known as the San Francisco Blue Print.

 8. In the United Nations many such polices were passed to determine the Human rights in the world. On 10th December 1948 the UN passed a resolution which is known as the Universal Declaration of Human rights. This was the last and final effort in this regard. Most of the countries of the world supported this move of the United Nation and those countries which had some reservation regarding it they also did not think better to oppose it. They maintained their neutrality. This was accepted as a far reaching revolutionary measure in Human History.

 There are thirty clauses in that Universal declaration. This would be a revolutionary thing for those people who had prepared it but not for the Islam. The great of prophet of God Muhammad (pboh) had presented a broader and widely accepted Declaration of Human rights to the world when it was still groping in the Dark Age. At that time there were no such educational movements nor had the world seen the discoveries of science. The people were uncivilized and barbaric. The great prophet of Islam not only presented a broad view of Human rights to the world but he also shown the path of how effectively to implement it. When we look at the declaration passed by the United Nations it looks only effectively on paper but at the level of implementation nothing could be done substantial. When it comes to implement it then we see a quite a negative impact on the masses. Still we see due to such deficiencies the deprived are getting exploited and their rights being barbarically trampled and violated.

 The great western law expert Hens Calsan had wisely commented on it in these words:

 “What lacks most is that in the declaration it was explained that what are the basic human rights but they did not say a single word about if the law could be violated which type of punishments should be fixed on the offenders. This is the main cause we still see the gross violation of human rights today. In my opinion it is only a promotional law not an operational law. It means that we can only ask about the safeguarding of human rights but we can’t effectively implement it.”

 This small piece of extract has made open the negative points of that declaration. Apart of it when we look deeper on the history of human race that the standard and approach towards human rights gets constantly changed. At one place one right was justified and they put their every effort to make it popular. They made a hue cry to accept it and if that right could not be accepted they easily labeled it as a crime. But we see in the next epoch the very right was considered ill thought and it was out rightly rejected.

 There was a strange concept of slavery in the epoch of Prophet Mohammad. Whoever came to be considered as a slave he had no right to make them free from that yoke of slavery?  They had to accept their fate and obey their masters.

 But this was the thing of past. Then a new glorious light fell upon the earth and it made illuminated the whole world. Through this law the slavery and bonding of human beings become unlawful and unacceptable. But when the inglorious days of fascism in Germany and Italy came to rule the roost they put their stifling views of barbarism that the stronger has every right to rule over the less deprived and poor. Now that movement is considered a satanic law.

 In this light we can say that the very vision regarding the human rights never stayed the same but it got constantly being changed with the every tide of time. Nor it could be put the same forever. Even the Universal Declaration of United Nations is not immune to such changes which the westerners are putting it as a model declaration to the world. And who would take the guarantee that it would not be changed?

 This is a great gift of Prophet Mohammad to the world today that he presented a broader and widely accepted view of human rights on which basis it has become easy that which rights should be safeguarded and which rights should rejected. On the other hand what we see in this regard that every view and concept regarding the human rights prepared by the imperialist power was very much limited in its approach and reach. But what the apostle of God had presented was the very much gift from God which was especially bestowed on the mankind through his beloved prophet. This is the main cause that we see that Islamic declaration of human rights is immune to any changes. The changes gets needed when it is prepared by human but if the creator of universe presents it himself then who could think of any disparity and unevenness into it.

 Two international human declarations- a comparative study:

 It is guaranteed in the universal declaration of human rights passed and adopted by the United Nations that the law would safeguard the basic right of every human being. Each one would be guaranteed the freedom and decent way of living. It covers the every human right economically, socially, culturally and religiously. Here we are putting some clauses of that declaration and make it a comparison with the declaration of apostle of God. 

1. In the article no. four of the universal declaration of Human rights put by the United Nations is that,” nobody would have any right to make any one his or her slave.”

But what we see in reality is just opposite. The imperial powers have grossly and bluntly violated this law to full fill their ill devised plans and to rule on the much deprived and weaker section of the world. They still putting their every effort to get a firm hold on it. They are bluntly and very savagely exploiting the poor countries economically, mentally and politically. And to make their own views stronger they are making every effort to malign the Islam through their tightly controlled media. They regard the Islamic view as a threat. They are trying to make the whole world their colony through their economic giants. The multinationals are now making every home their hidden slave. But what we see on the other hand the apostle of God made the man free from every type of slavery. In his famous saying he says,” God never accepts the prayer of those people who had made his slave again in his bonding after making free him.” (Abu dawud, the book of saying salat.)

 The apostle of God further says,” Don’t call the slave by saying him slave. There is a relationship which exits between him and his master, and that relation is of brother and parental.” He says much elaborating his points,” the people whom you call as your servant is in real are your brothers to whom Allah has made your helper.” He says further,” Don’t make them hurt by calling servants but call them lovingly as you call your own offspring.”

 The Greek philosopher Rousseau used to call them as a machine which has soul.  But the apostle of God said they are not machines but humans who have same feelings as we people keep in our hearts. He made them dignified as not only as a human being but he said them as they are like your own family members. There is one interesting anecdote regarding it which every human rights activist should know.

 There was a slave named Zaid in his bonding but he freed him as a free man. He was then free to go to any place of his choice but he did not think even slightly that he should go somewhere. He kept his service to the apostle of God but not like a slave but as a free man. Even when his father came to know about his newly gained independence he reached there to take him away. But he refused to go with him. Such was intense love for his master that he even not slightly put a thought about accepting the offer of his father.

 The apostle of God has even said that these slaves should be integrated through the family relations as marriage bond. The book of God, Koran says,” among you who are deprived and destined to live like a slave, but he or she is true to the teachings of God should encourage them to get married and if they are poor Allah would make them sufficient in their provisions.”

 The all above mentioned efforts from the apostle of God was to end the spiteful system of slavery from this world. Now this question here arises very naturally that which law and efforts was more human in approach and beneficial to the mankind? The law made by the so called western human right activists or the massager of God?  There was a law which was full of discrepancies or a law which was very much rational and based on equality and true understanding of mankind.

1. in human rights declaration there is a provision in article no.7 that,” every person is equal before law.” And article no.8 says,” every person has his or her basic right to go to the any court of his or her choice if he finds himself in a position where a strong one make his life unmerciful and undignified.”

But alas! These laws are only for the purpose of beautifying the declaration. Nobody ever came forward to implement it in its true sense and sprit. You can understand this point from one example. Still in Great Britain there is a legal provision that the royal family is very much above any defined law by the constitution of the country. They can’t be brought before any court of justice by any law of the land.

 There is another disgustful example. The world super power America after ill fated 9/11 incident has waged an open and humiliating war against Iraq and Afghanistan. They have brutally killed about a million men and women and children by their bullets. Many who could not be killed is being put into the infamous Guantanamo bay prison saying they are terrorists and they are a biggest threat to the America. They are political prisoners. They even not thought better to register a case against them in any court of law in any country. They are still being inhumanly treated by the American authorities.

 And on the other hand you can make a comparison to the massage and saying of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh). There is one famous anecdote regarding it. There was a woman who belongs to a famous and respectful tribe commits a theft. Her case is brought to the apostle of God. The massager of God orders that the woman’s hand should be amputated according to the very law of Islam. This decision makes every one stunned and horrified. It was a strange even to think that a woman of respectful clan would be punished like the same as a slave woman would have been punished. This decision becomes the topic of debate among his followers. They sit together and finally they decide that we should appeal against the order to the massager of God. They chose one Osama bin Zaid who was a privileged man to be in close companion of the apostle of God. He as he was asked by his men goes to the massager of God and asks forgiveness for the said woman. But the massager of God out rightly rejects it and says,” you are asking to take liberty in law set by Allah. If Fatima, my daughter would have been at her place she would also have to meet the same fate.”

 This was not only for the followers of him but even the apostle of God had said the same thing for himself that whoever sees me doing any wrong he may come and put a case against me. I am also not above the law which is set by God himself. This was not only his oration. A man after listening it comes forward and says,” that at one occasion when you were making the soldiers stand in line and you were getting them ready for the fight you made a blow unknowingly with your stick (lathe) in my chest.”

 You would really be astonished to know that when the man made his request to the apostle of God he made his body bare above his stomach and said very politely to him,” blow hard on the same part of my body on which you had received the blow by me. You are free to do and take your revenge.

 No doubt this was a shining example of equality among human beings which couldn’t be easily got found somewhere else.

 We move further and cite another example which puts the Universal human right declaration in its article no.16. It says that any person who has reached to his puberty He or She is very much free to get married where ever he or she likes. There would be no cast and religion bar.” In this law it was granted the freedom to get married but the law never explains the complications which usually come to surface after the marriages like divorce and maintenance. They put it as a civil contract. They very much define it as a matter of one individual what he or she wants for himself or herself. If the things get worse between them how they would solve their problem it was never explained. They would be free to do at their own chosen will. No matter how much it goes against the basic ethics of human law.

 These are the drawbacks in the said law but they still say it as a revolutionary step toward saving the basic rights of mankind.

 If you just add the religion of Islam into it you would not find a new thing for the followers of Islam. The apostle of God centuries before has given a comprehensive law regarding the marriage and family obligation. In the very eye of Sharia law the marriage is not only meant for getting sexual pleasure and bearing the children but it is pious and glorified covenant between the man and woman that guarantees them a full legal rights according to the law of God that they would be legally bind by each other with the every provision of law. Here marriage is not only for getting sensual pleasure but it is a very important source of love between the opposite sexes. This is a unique source of finding a lasting and soothing peace in each others company which unfortunately we see today that these so called western liberators are very much devoid of this especial gift bestowed by God. Here this Islamic covenant stops men and women in falling on wrong path of adultery. There is an important saying regarding this by prophet. He says,” the marriage is a pious tradition of me. He or she would go against it he or she would not be considered among us.”

 We can no doubt say with great conviction and faith that if this universal law of Islam could be implemented faithfully the very problem regarding the marriage, divorce and caring of the children would automatically get solved.

1. In article no. 17 it is said that everyone has his or her basic right. Equality is always considered a very basis value in every human law. Everyone is equal in the eye of law and he or she would not be discriminated on the basis of religion, cast, creed and language. Each one would enjoy the same political, social and economical rights.

 But could it be said that today’s world is immune to any such deprivation and degradation. But alas! It is not so. Today the western world has very cleverly divided the world into two distinct groups one is white and other is black. Whites are like the chosen one by God and blacks are deprived and despised. They have even made everything to establish their supremacy as they like to put it before the world. They have very successfully has made their language and culture dominant upon every section of the people. This is the time when it is said that one who is well versed in their imperial language English he or she would be considered learned and a man of high culture and taste.

 We cite here another good example from the saying of Prophet Mohammad,” he says that O people! Listen there is no God except Allah the almighty and all are from Adam. Nobody has any distinction above any. Arabi and Ajmi are the same. Nor white is superior to any black. The only criterion for any distinction and superiority is his or her righteous deeds which would be acceptable before the God.

 It is a well know fact that Islam is the first religion in the world who gave the every human rights to the women, children, orphans and slaves. Before it they enjoyed very little freedom and they were very much deprived and destitute.

 The Human rights declaration article no. 18 says that,” every human being has their basic right to adopt what ever religion, caste, thought, and sect he wants to embrace.” But the reality is that this law is only like a beatifying thing and nothing could be seen positive regarding to implement it. They are not much serious and their thinking not unbiased. One example would be sufficient to suffice this claim. Many countries in which India is also included have curtailed this basic human right and many laws have been passed to prevent the conversion. They don’t want to give that freedom which even World Human rights declaration guarantees to every mankind.

 In Islam this basic right was much earlier granted to the man kind. The Koran says: there is no compulsion regarding accepting the religion.”(Sure: Bakra: 256)

 The prophet Mohammad has said the same thing in one of his saying that,” tell them that they have every right to follow their religion of choice. The truth has been come from the God and it is up to the mankind either they accept it or reject it.”

 The world Human right declaration article no. 26 says: “every human being has his basic human right to get the education.”

 Islam had very much earlier granted this right to the mankind. The prophet says: “the divine teaching is like a missing wealth whoever finds it from any where he or she should try to get it.”

 There are four basic reasons why the World Human rights declaration could not get succeeded. One is that there is a total lack of a common governing platform. Second one is that what they say and they do are quite apart. Third are they have tried to go against the nature and the divine law. And fourth and last one is that they lack in psychological strength to implement it.

 If the above mentioned deficiencies could not be rectified then there would be very little chance to succeed it.

 In the last we again come to the basic teachings of Islam and with very firm believe and conviction I would like to say that if the world seriously wants to end the misery and hardship of the mankind they should very honestly try to implement those revolutionary ideas in their lives which had made the once most savaged society turn into a most enlightened one.